Inyaniso engathandekiyo kukuba iintlekele ziyenzeka.Kwanabo balungiselela iintlekele zemvelo, njengeenkanyamba okanye imililo yasendle, basenokulahlekelwa yintlekele.Xa ezi ntlobo zonxunguphalo zitshabalalisa amakhaya kunye needolophu, abantu kunye neentsapho bazifumanisa kufuneka benze izigqibo ezininzi ezikhulu ngexesha elifutshane, kubandakanya nokuba baya kuhlala okanye bahambe.
Kwakuba kudlule inkanyamba, umlilo wamadlelo, inkanyamba, izikhukula, okanye inyikima, kukho isigqibo esibalulekileyo ekufuneka abantu abaninzi besenza: Emva kokuphulukana nayo yonke into kwintlekele, ngaba uyakha ngokutsha kwindawo enye okanye upakishe uze uye kwindawo ekhuselekileyo?Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa uzama ukuphendula umbuzo onjalo.
- Ngaba unokwakha kwakhona kumgangatho ophezulu wokwakha oya kwenza ikhaya lakho elitsha lomelele kwaye likwazi ukumelana neentlekele kunelidala?
- Ngaba uya kukwazi ukufumana (okanye ukuhlawula) i-inshurensi kwisakhiwo esakhiwe ngokutsha kwindawo yentlekele?
- Ngaba abamelwane, amashishini asekuhlaleni kunye neenkonzo zoluntu kunokwenzeka ukuba zibuye kwaye zakhe kwakhona?
Ngenxa yokuba kuya kufuneka wenze esi sigqibo sinzima kwakamsinyane kunokuba emva kwentlekele, sihlanganise isikhokelo soncedo ukukunceda ulungiselele.Ngokucingisisa kwangaphambili kunye nokulumka, uya kukwazi ukwenza esona sigqibo sinoxanduva kusapho lwakho.
Iindidi zeeNtlekele zeNdalo ezichaphazela abathengi kunye nabaninimzi
Xa uthengela ikhaya, kubalulekile ukwazi iingozi.Umhlaba ohlukeneyo kunye neempawu zejografi zibhenca abaninimzi kwiingozi ezahlukeneyo, kwaye kufuneka wazi ukuba ubhalisela ntoni, ngokwemozulu kunye nemingcipheko yokusingqongileyo.
- Iinkanyamba.Ukuba uthenga ikhaya kwindawo eselunxwemeni evezwa rhoqo kwimozulu yetropiki, kuya kufuneka uphande umngcipheko wenkanyamba kuloo ndawo.Kukho neerekhodi ze-intanethi ezibonisa apho zonke iinkanyamba ziye zabetha i-US ukususela ngo-1985.
- Imililo yasendle.Imimandla emininzi isesichengeni somlilo wamadlelo, kuquka leyo inemozulu eshushu, neyomileyo, namathafa anamahlathi.Iimephu ze-Intanethi zingabonisa iindawo ezinomngcipheko omkhulu womlilo.
- Iinyikima.Kufuneka kwakhona uphande ngengozi yengozi yenyikima yekhaya lakho.I-FEMA ye-Earthquake Hazard Maps iluncedo ekuboniseni ukuba zeziphi iindawo ezisesichengeni.
- Izikhukula.Ngokufanayo, ukuba uthenga ikhaya elikwindawo yezikhukula (ungajonga iNkonzo yeMaphu yeZikhukula ze-FEMA), kuya kufuneka ulungiselele ukubakho kwezikhukhula.
- Iinkanyamba.Ukuba uthenga ikhaya kwindawo yenkanyamba, ngakumbi kwiTornado Alley, kuya kufuneka uyazi imingcipheko yakho kwaye uthathe amanyathelo okhuseleko.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwiindawo apho umngcipheko mkhulu, abathengi bafanele bajonge amakhaya akhiweyo ukumelana neentlekele zendalo zendalo kangangoko banako.
Iintlekele Zonakaliswa Amakhaya - kunye Nobomi Babantu
Iintlekele zendalo zinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwikhaya, kodwa inani kunye nohlobo lomonakalo luyahluka kakhulu.Ngokomzekelo, izivunguvungu zingabangela umonakalo ngenxa yemimoya enamandla, kodwa isivunguvungu esihamba kunye sinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu wezikhukhula.Iinkanyamba nazo zinokuvelisa iinkanyamba.Olu ludibaniso lunokulingana nokubaluleka kunye nokulahlekelwa okupheleleyo kwezakhiwo.
Kwaye sonke siwubonile umonakalo owenziwe kumakhaya emva komlilo, izikhukula, okanye inyikima.Ezi ziganeko zibizwa ngokuba “ziintlekele” ngesizathu.Ubume bobume bekhaya bunokonakala kakhulu kuyo nayiphi na kwezi, kushiye kungahlali mntu.
Ukongeza kwiintlekele ezibangela uphahla kunye nomonakalo wesakhiwo, ikhaya elibandezelekayo kunye neesentimitha ezimbalwa zomonakalo wamanzi kunokufuna ukulungiswa okubalulekileyo kunye nokulungiswa komngundo.Ngokukwanjalo, emva komlilo wasendle, umlilo kunye nomonakalo womsi ushiya imiba engapheliyo ngaphaya kwento ebonakalayo - efana nevumba kunye nothuthu olukhukulisekayo.
Noko ke, asingomakhaya kuphela atsala nzima xa kusehla intlekele yemvelo;ubomi babantu abakuloo makhaya bunokuphuculwa ngokupheleleyo.Ngokutsho kwesiza sesisa sabantwana iWorld World, “Iintlekele zendalo, ezifana nezikhukula nezaqhwithi, zinyanzele abantu abazizigidi ezi-4.5 kwihlabathi liphela ukuba bashiye amakhaya abo kwisiqingatha sokuqala sonyaka ka-2017. ziphazamiseke ngenxa yokuba izikolo zonakaliswe kakhulu okanye zitshatyalaliswe yimozulu embi.”
Izikolo, amashishini, nemibutho yenkonzo kamasipala nayo ichatshazelwa ziintlekele zemvelo, nto leyo eshiya uluntu luphela ukuba lugqibe enoba lufanele lwakhe ngokutsha okanye luhambe kusini na.Umonakalo omkhulu owenzeka ezikolweni kuthetha ukuba abantwana basekuhlaleni baya kuhlala iinyanga bengafundi okanye basasazeke kwizikolo ezahlukeneyo ezikufutshane.Iinkonzo zoluntu ezifana namapolisa, abacimi bomlilo, iinkonzo zikaxakeka, kunye nezibhedlele banokufumana izibonelelo zabo okanye abasebenzi besengozini, okubangela ukuphazamiseka kwiinkonzo.Iintlekele zemvelo zenza umonakalo kuzo zonke iidolophu, zifak’ isandla kwizinto ezongezelelekileyo ezithatha izigqibo kubaninimzi xa bekhetha ukuhlala okanye ukuhamba.
Hlala okanye Hamba?Ingxoxo yoLuntu
Xa kufikwa kwisigqibo sokuba ngaba uya kuhlala okanye ubuye wakha okanye umke uze uqhubeke emva kwentlekele yemvelo, khumbula ukuba asingabokuqala abajongene nolu khetho lunzima.Enyanisweni, njengoko iintlekele zendalo zichaphazela uluntu olukhulu, iingxoxo ezibanzi zoluntu ziye zavela malunga nokuba uluntu lulonke lufanele luthabathele na iindleko ezigqithisileyo zokwakha kwakhona.
Ngokomzekelo, incoko yoluntu eqhubekayo ixoxa ngobulumko bokuchitha imali ye-federal ukwakha iidolophu eziselunxwemeni apho kunokwenzeka ukuba enye inkanyamba iyinyani.IThe New York Times inikela le ngxelo: “Kulo lonke ilizwe, amashumi amawaka ezigidi zeerandi zerhafu aye achithwa ekuxhaseni ukwakhiwa ngokutsha konxweme emva kwezaqhwithi, ngokuqhelekileyo kungaqwalaselwanga kangako enoba kusengqiqweni kusini na ukuqhubeka kusakhiwa kwiindawo ezithandwa ziintlekele.”Izazinzulu ezininzi zithi ukwakha ngokutsha kwezi ndawo yinkcitho yemali kwaye kubeka ubomi babantu esichengeni.
Nangona kunjalo, phantse i-30 pesenti yabantu base-US bahlala kufuphi nonxweme.Ulungiselelo lwemfuduko enkulu luya kukhwankqisa.Kwaye ukushiya amakhaya kunye noluntu ebebelwazi kwaye beluthanda izizukulwana asiyondlela ilula kuye nabani na.Isayithi yeendaba nezimvo iThe Tylt inikela le ngxelo, “Phantse ama-63 ekhulwini elizwe axhasa iidola zerhafu zokuya eNew York naseNew Jersey emva kokuba [iNkanyamba] uSandy ebethe [iNkanyamba], yaye inkoliso yabemi baseMerika ivakalelwa kukuba abamelwane basondelelene yaye kufanelekile ukuhlala kunye.Ukushiya iindawo ezingaselunxwemeni kuya kuthetha ukuphazamisa uluntu luphela nokwahlula iintsapho.”
Njengoko ufunda, uya kubona ukuba olu khetho lusenokungabi lolo unokwenza ngokwakho ngokupheleleyo;ukhetho lwamaqumrhu angqonge ikhaya lakho nalo luya kudlala.Ngapha koko, ukuba uluntu lwakho lukhetha ukungakhi kwakhona, yintoni eya kushiyelwa wena?
Iindleko zoNyaka kubanini zindlu
Iintlekele zemvelo zibiza ngeendlela ezininzi nezahlukeneyo, ingeyiyo eyemali.Ngokwengxelo ye-Natural Disasters 'Economic Impact, "u-2018 ibingunyaka wesine wexabiso leentlekele zendalo kwimbali […] Zixabisa i-160 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, apho sisiqingatha kuphela ebesifakwe kwi-inshurensi [...] 2017 ixabisa irekhodi le-307 yeebhiliyoni zeedola kuqoqosho lwase-US.Bekukho imisitho eli-16 exabisa ngaphezu kwebhiliyoni enye yeedola.”
Njengoko iForbes ichaza, “imililo idle eyona mali ixabisa kakhulu abaninimzi, kanti phakathi kuka-2015 no-2017 kuphela, i-6.3 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ingumonakalo.Izikhukula zadla abaninimzi malunga neebhiliyoni ezi-5,1 zeerandi ngelo xesha, ngoxa iinkanyamba neenkanyamba zenza umonakalo omalunga neebhiliyoni ezi-4,5 zeerandi.”
Xa iindlela neziseko zophuhliso ezingundoqo zonakaliswa, iindleko eluntwini ziba phezulu.Ngaphezu koko, abo bangenayo i-inshorensi badla ngokuphelelwa yimali, yaye amakhaya abo onakeleyo ahlala engalungiswa.Nokuba ngoncedo lomanyano okanye imeko yonxunguphalo ebhengeziweyo, abanye abantu abanakukwazi ukuhlala.
Ukufumana uluvo olungcono lweendleko zonyaka zabaninimzi, jonga ingxelo ye-MSN MoneyTalksNews yophando Zingakanani Iindleko zeeNtlekele zeNdalo kwiLizwe ngalinye.
Iingqwalasela ze-inshorensi
Abaninimzi bafanele bathenge uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwe-inshorensi yokukhusela amakhaya kunye nezakhiwo zabo xa kukho intlekele.Nangona kunjalo, i-inshurensi yasekhaya iyakhohlisa, kwaye ayizizo zonke iintlekele ezigqunyiweyo.
Njengoko ibhlog yezemali i-MarketWatch icacisa, "Kubanini-zindlu, yintoni kanye kanye ebangele umonakalo kwikhaya labo iya kubonakala ibalulekile ngeenjongo ze-inshurensi, kuba ukhuseleko luya kuxhomekeka kwindlela umonakalo owenziwe ngayo.Ngethuba leqhwithi, ukuba imimoya ephezulu ibangela umonakalo ophahleni okhokelela ekuqokeleleni okukhulu kwamanzi ngaphakathi kwendlu, i-inshurensi iya kuyigubungela.Kodwa ukuba umlambo okufutshane uyawa ngenxa yemvula enkulu uze ubangele izikhukula, umonakalo owenzeka ezindlwini uya kugutyungelwa kuphela ukuba abaniniwo bane-inshurensi yezikhukula.”
Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba ube neentlobo ezifanelekileyo ze-inshurensi - ngakumbi ukuba uthenga ikhaya kwindawo apho iintlekele zendalo zinokwenzeka khona.Kunjengokuba iForbes icacisa, “abaninimzi bafanele bazazi iintlekele ezinokubakho kummandla wabo, ngoko banokuzikhusela ngokufanelekileyo kwiinshurensi yomonakalo.”
Ukuqonda kunye nokunciphisa imingcipheko
Kunokuba lula kwimizuzu ekhawulezileyo emva kwentlekele yendalo ukucinga okubi kakhulu.Nangona kunjalo, ngaphambi kokuba wenze isigqibo esisisigxina malunga nokuba uya kuhlala okanye uhambe, kufuneka unciphise umngcipheko.
Ngokomzekelo, iRice University Business School icacisa isithi, “Nangona singenako ukuqikelela ukuba iya kwenzeka nini enye intlekele, kubalulekile ukuba singacingi ukuba ngenxa yokuba siye sakhukula kutshanje, iza kukhukula kwakhona kungekudala.Uphando lubonisa ukuba xa abantu becwangcisela ikamva, banikela ingqalelo enkulu kwizinto zamva nje.”
Noko ke, kububulumko ukuqwalasela iingozi uze wenze isigqibo esisekelwe kulwazi.Ngokomzekelo, ukuba uhlala kwindawo ethandwa ziinkanyamba, kufuneka ucinge enoba unokusinda kwenye inkanyamba okanye kubhetele ukuba ufuduke.Ngokukwanjalo, ukuba ubuphila kwisikhukula uze uqhubeke uphila kwindawo enokhukula, kububulumko ukutyala imali kwiinshorensi yezikhukula.Kwakhona, uphonononge iimephu ze-US ezibonisa umngcipheko weentlekele zendalo ezifana neenyikima, izikhukula, iinkanyamba kunye nenkanyamba ukukunceda ukuba ufumane ulwazi olungcono kwizinto ezinobungozi kwindawo yakho.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-15-2021
